Topic Reviews/ Summaries – SARA GOLDRICK-RAB

Update on California Student Housing Assistance (2025)

In 2019‑20, the state created rapid rehousing programs at the University of California (UC), California State University (CSU), and California Community Colleges (CCC) to assist students experiencing housing insecurity or homelessness. In addition, the state created basic needs programs at UC in 2019‑20 and at CSU and CCC in 2021‑22 primarily to provide students with housing and food assistance. In 2023‑24, the state is providing a total of $31 million ongoing General Fund for rapid rehousing programs and $85 million ongoing General Fund for basic needs programs across the segments. State law requires each segment to report annually on these programs, with specific reporting requirements varying by segment and program. In this brief, we examine how each segment is implementing these programs and review the available outcomes data.

Research trends and gaps concerning food insecurity in college students in the United States: a scoping review (2024)

Objective: This scoping review explores the broad body of peer-reviewed research measuring food
insecurity in post-secondary students in the U.S. to identify trends and gaps to inform future
research.
Methods: Three search engines (PubMed, Web of Science, and CINHAL Full Text) were systematically
searched for articles reporting on food security status in U.S. college students.
Results: One-hundred and sixty studies met inclusion criteria. Emerging high-risk student
characteristics include gender non-conforming (GNC) and non-binary, financial independence in
college, and pregnant and parenting students. Emerging correlates include lack of transportation,
anxiety, and eating disorders.
Conclusions: Prevalence data can be used by colleges to advocate for services and programs.
Additional multi-institutional cohort, longitudinal and qualitative studies are needed to identify
timely interventions and effective solutions. A new “rights-based” approach to food security solutions
that includes nutrition and food literacy for all students is needed.

Historically Black Colleges and Universities and Performance-Based Funding: A Systematic Review of the Literature (2024)

This paper examined how performance-based funding (PBF) policies shape institutional performance and student outcomes for public four-year or above historically
Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). By conducting a systematic review of the
literature, the findings expanded on two main areas, as underscored by the pieces
reviewed: (a) how the implementation of PBF policies across states impacts public
four-year or above HBCUs, and (b) the intended and unintended consequences of
PBF policy on public four-year or above HBCUs. The review of the literature largely
indicated that public HBCUs continue to feel the burden of long-term disinvestment
and lack of policy planning that is attentive to their histories, mission, and needs.
Although researchers are still evaluating the impact of PBF policies on institutional
performance and student outcomes based on PBF 2.0, the literature has affirmed that
PBF 1.0 has negatively impacted student performance, raising several concerns about
the future of HBCUs.

Advancing college food security: priority research gaps (2023)

Despite over a decade of both quantitative and qualitative studies, food insecurity among US college/university students remains a pervasive problem within higher education. The purpose of this perspective piece was to highlight research gaps in the area of college food insecurity and provide rationale for the research community to focus on these gaps going forward. A group of food insecurity researchers from a variety of higher education institutions across the United States identified five thematic areas of research gaps: screening and estimates of food insecurity; longitudinal changes in food insecurity; impact of food insecurity on broader health and academic outcomes; evaluation of impact, sustainability and cost effectiveness of existing programmes and initiatives; and state and federal policies and programmes. Within these thematic areas, nineteen specific research gaps were identified that have limited or no peer-reviewed, published research. These research gaps result in a limited understanding of the magnitude, severity and persistence of college food insecurity, the negative short- and long-term impacts of food insecurity on health, academic performance and overall college experience, and effective solutions and policies to prevent or meaningfully address food insecurity among college students. Research in these identified priority areas may help accelerate action and interdisciplinary collaboration to alleviate food insecurity among college students and play a critical role in informing the development or refinement of programmes and services that better support college student food security needs.

Prevalence of and Contributors to Food Insecurity Among College Athletes: A Scoping Review (2024)

Abstract: Given the financial demands of attending college, the transition to new living situations,
abrupt changes in social support, and overall lifestyle adjustments, college students are at an
increased risk of food insecurity (FI) compared to the general population. Collegiate athletes
experience an even greater risk of FI as a result of greater time commitments and energy demands
associated with their sports. This heightened vulnerability poses a tremendous threat to student athletes’ academic and athletic achievements. This study aims to address the prevalence and
primary determinants of FI among collegiate athletes while providing potential solutions to
navigate and alleviate the effects of diminished food security among this demographic. To address
these aims, a total of 18 articles were selected from both peer-reviewed and gray literature. The U.S.
Household Food Security Survey Module (US-HFSSM) survey tools were predominantly utilized
across universities throughout the United States to gather data on FI. Student-athletes reported
experiencing FI across various regions of the United States, including universities in northeastern
states (n=5), the southwest region (n=3), the southeast region (n=3), the northwest (n=1), and the
Midwest (n=1). Overall, FI prevalence rates ranged from 9.9% to 65% and the most significant
contributors included limited financial resources, time management, meal plans, and housing
location/amenities. These findings highlight a need for screening, education, and intervention to
address FI among collegiate athletes.

Interventions to address household food insecurity in high-income countries (2018)

Household food insecurity is a serious public health concern in high-income countries. Canada and the USA regularly monitor household food insecurity, while in other countries, such as the UK, it has been the rapid rise of food bank usage that has drawn increased attention to this longstanding, but largely overlooked, problem. This review evaluates evidence on interventions intended to reduce household food insecurity in high-income countries. Research on social protection interventions suggests both cash transfers and food subsidies (e.g. the US Supplement Nutrition and Assistance Programme) reduce household food insecurity. In contrast, research on community-level interventions, such as food banks and other food programmes, suggests limited impacts. Although food banks have become a common intervention for food insecurity in high-income countries, evidence suggests their reliance on donations of volunteer time and food make them inevitably limited in the assistance they are able to provide. The stigma people feel using food banks may also make them untenable. Alternatives to, or enhanced, food banks such as community shops or community kitchens, have become common, but evidence also suggests they may be limited in effectiveness if they do not reach people experiencing food insecurity. This review highlights the difficulty of trying to address household food insecurity with community-based food interventions when solutions likely lie upstream in social protection policies.

The Role of Food Banks in Addressing Food Insecurity: A Systematic Review (2016)

Food banks play a major role in the food aid sector by distributing donated and purchased groceries directly to food insecure families. The public health implications of food insecurity are significant, particularly as food insecurity has a higher prevalence among certain population groups. This review consolidates current knowledge about the function and efficacy of food banks to address food insecurity. A systematic review was conducted. Thirty-five publications were reviewed, of which 14 examined food security status, 13 analysed nutritional quality of food provided, and 24 considered clients’ needs in relation to food bank use. This review found that while food banks have an important role to play in providing immediate solutions to severe food deprivation, they are limited in their capacity to improve overall food security outcomes due to the limited provision of nutrient-dense foods in insufficient amounts, especially from dairy, vegetables and fruits. Food banks have the potential to improve food security outcomes when operational resources are adequate, provisions of perishable food groups are available, and client needs are identified and addressed.

Help seeking and African American college-aged men: An integrated literature review through somebodiness. (2024)

African American male college students (AAMCS) underutilize counseling services in the face of rising mental health needs. This article is aimed at situating the help-seeking experiences of AAMCS from the theory of somebodiness, recognizing the agency and meaningfulness with which AAMCS author their own lives in the face of dehumanization. The methodology for this article was a narrative literature review, which consisted of reviewing empirical and conceptual peer-reviewed journal articles using a combination of the keywords African American, Black, male college students, help seeking, and counseling. This review was designed to consider the contextual factors that affect AAMCS decisions to seek counseling. Those factors were shared racial identity, access to mental health information, relational norms, spirituality, mental health stigma, and gender socialization. This article concludes with future research and implications for counseling practices to encourage mental health service use among AAMCS populations.

Policies and Initiatives to Address Collegiate Food Insecurity (2023)

This review analyzes the modern anthropological impact of food insecurity on collegiate and community socioeconomic mobility. We begin with an overview of food insecurity from a global perspective, followed by a deeper dive of food insecurity within the higher education microcosm. We then explore policy, technology, and actions to address these challenges to promote a more just, equitable, and healthier world.